论文中Title常见错误及常见Title类型

　　 论文中Title常见错误及常见Title类型：

　　 一、常见错误 Common mistakes in the title：

　　1. Unnecessary words(词语冗余)

　　误：The Use of MR for Microimaging of Benign and Malignant Nodes in the Necks of Patients

　　正：MR Microimaging of Benign and Malignant Nodes in the Neck

　　分析：正句比误句简洁明了。误句中使用了一些不必要的词，如“The Use of”, “of Patients”.

       2. Noun clusters(名词堆叠)

　　误：Electro-acupuncture therapy enhances injured spinal cord tissue neurotrophine-3 content and promotes transplanted neural stem cells survival and immigration in rat spinal cord injury

　　正：Electro-acupuncture enhances the content of neurotrophine-3 and promotes the survival and immigration of transplanted neural stem cells in injured rat spinal cord tissue

　　分析：误句是作者为追求简洁而将过多用于修饰的名词堆叠在一起，从而导致标题意思不清楚，增加读者理解困难。

      3. Misplaced modifiers(错位修饰语)

　　Misplaced： Mechanism of Suppression of Nontransmissible Pneumonia in Mice Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus

　　Comment: “Unless this author had somehow managed to demonstrate spontaneous generation, it must have been the pneumonia that was induced and not the mice.”

　　Corrected： Mechanism of Suppression of Nontransmissible Pneumonia Induced in Mice by Newcastle Disease Virus

　　Analysis：误句的错误在于中心词的后置修饰语位置错误，导致标题意思改变。

　　Misplaced： Isolation of Antigens from Monkeys Using Complement-Fixation Techniques.

　　Comment：What or who is using complement-fixation techniques, “isolation of antigens”, “monkeys” or … ? Adjectives(especially the “using” participles) should be near to the words they modify.

　　Corrected： Isolation of Antigens from Monkeys with Complement-Fixation Techniques.

      二、 标题类型 Types of Titles：

　　1. Main Title(正标题)

　　2. Running Title(页眉标题)

　　Definition: the short form of the paper’s title

　　Place: at the top of every page or every other page of a journal article

　　Purpose: to help the reader to find a specific article or to catch the reader’s attention when the reader is just browsing through the journal pages

　　Running Title(页眉标题)

　　例 1: 正式标题：Family-Based Association Study Showing that Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy Is Associated with

　　the Polymorphisms 2093C and 2180T in the 3' Untranslated Region of the Megsin Gene

　　页眉标题：IgAN and Megsin Gene Polymorphisms

　　例 2: 正式标题：Metabolic Effects of a Growth Hormone– Releasing Factor in Patients with HIV

　　页眉标题：Effects of Tesamorelin in Patients with HIV

　　3. Series Title(序号标题): the main title-subtitle given to series papers which relate to each other closely

　　例： Bacteria. IV. Cell Wall of Staphylococcus aureus

　　4. Subtitle/Hanging Title --- same as a series title except that a colon substitutes for the main numeral

　　例 1：Catastrophic Volcanic Collapse: Relation to Hydrothermal Process (Science 260:1794,1993)

　　例 2：Intratumoral Immunotherapy: Using the Tumor against Itself